20";display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden}.clearfix:after{clear:both}.tie-container,#tie-wrapper{height:100%;min-height:650px}.tie-container{position:relative;overflow:hidden}#tie-wrapper{background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:108;height:100%;margin:0 auto}.container-wrapper{background:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:2px;padding:30px}.theme-header{background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:999}.theme-header:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.theme-header.has-shadow{box-shadow:rgba(0,0,0,.1) 0px 25px 20px -20px}#menu-components-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;width:100%;flex-wrap:wrap}.logo-row{position:relative}#logo{margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:40px;display:block;float:left}#logo img{vertical-align:middle}#logo a{display:inline-block}@media (max-width:991px){#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo{margin:14px 0!important;text-align:left;line-height:1}#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo img{width:auto;height:auto;max-width:190px}}@media (max-width:479px){#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo img{max-width:160px;max-height:60px!important}}@media (max-width:991px){#theme-header.mobile-header-default:not(.header-layout-1) #logo{flex-grow:10}}.components{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:end}.components>li{position:relative}.components>li.social-icons-item{margin:0}.components>li>a{display:block;position:relative;width:30px;text-align:center;font-size:16px;white-space:nowrap}.components .search-bar form{width:auto;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);line-height:36px;border-radius:50px;position:relative}.components #search-input{border:0;width:100%;background:0 0;padding:0 35px 0 20px;border-radius:0;font-size:inherit}.components #search-submit{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:40px;line-height:inherit;color:#777;background:0 0;font-size:15px;padding:0;border:none}@media (max-width:991px){.logo-container{border-width:0;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}}.mobile-header-components{display:none;z-index:10;height:30px;line-height:30px;flex-wrap:nowrap;flex:1 1 0%}.mobile-header-components .components{float:none;display:flex!important;justify-content:stretch}.mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link{display:inline-block;float:none}.mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link>a{width:20px;padding-bottom:15px}.mobile-header-components [class^=tie-icon-]{font-size:18px;width:20px;height:20px;vertical-align:middle}.mobile-header-components .tie-mobile-menu-icon{font-size:20px}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon{display:inline-block;width:20px;height:2px;background-color:var(--base-color);position:relative;top:-4px}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before,.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after{position:absolute;right:0;background-color:var(--base-color);content:'';display:block;width:100%;height:100%;transform:translateZ(0);backface-visibility:hidden}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before{transform:translateY(-7px)}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after{transform:translateY(7px)}#mobile-header-components-area_1 .components li.custom-menu-link>a{margin-right:15px}#mobile-header-components-area_2 .components{flex-direction:row-reverse}#mobile-header-components-area_2 .components li.custom-menu-link>a{margin-left:15px}@media (max-width:991px){.logo-container:before,.logo-container:after{height:1px}#tie-body #mobile-container,.mobile-header-components{display:block}}.top-nav{background-color:#fff;position:relative;z-index:10;line-height:40px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:1px 0;color:var(--base-color);clear:both}.main-nav-below.top-nav-above .top-nav{border-top-width:0}.top-nav a:not(.button):not(:hover){color:var(--base-color)}.topbar-wrapper{display:flex;min-height:40px}.top-nav .tie-alignleft,.top-nav .tie-alignright{flex-grow:1;position:relative}.top-nav.has-breaking-news .tie-alignleft{flex:1 0 100px}.top-nav.has-breaking-news .tie-alignright{flex-grow:0;z-index:1}.topbar-today-date{float:left;padding-right:15px;flex-shrink:0}.top-nav-dark .top-nav{background-color:#2c2e32;color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav *{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .breaking a{color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .components>li>a,.top-nav-dark .top-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:not(:hover) span{color:#ccc}@media (max-width:991px){.topbar-today-date,.theme-header .components{display:none}}.breaking{display:none}.main-nav-wrapper{position:relative;z-index:4}.main-nav{background-color:var(--main-nav-background);color:var(--main-nav-primary-color);position:relative;border:1px solid var(--main-nav-main-border-color);border-width:1px 0}.main-menu-wrapper{position:relative}@media (min-width:992px){#main-nav{z-index:9;line-height:60px}.main-nav-dark{--main-nav-background:#1f2024;--main-nav-secondry-background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);--main-nav-primary-color:var(--brand-color);--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:var(--bright-color);--main-nav-text-color:#fff;--main-nav-secondry-text-color:rgba(225,255,255,.5);--main-nav-main-border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.07);--main-nav-secondry-border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.04)}.main-nav-dark .main-nav{border-width:0}}@media (max-width:991px){#tie-wrapper header#theme-header{box-shadow:none;background:0 0!important}.logo-container{border-width:0;box-shadow:0 3px 7px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.logo-container{background-color:#fff}.header-layout-3 .main-nav-wrapper{display:none}.main-menu-wrapper .main-menu-wrap{width:100%}}.magazine2 .container-wrapper{border-width:0;padding:0;background-color:transparent;opacity:.99}.magazine2 .share-buttons-top{padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.main-nav-dark .main-nav input{color:#ccc}textarea,input{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);color:var(--base-color);font-size:13px;outline:none;padding:10px 12px;line-height:23px;border-radius:2px;max-width:100%;background-color:transparent}textarea,input:not([type=checkbox]):not([type=radio]){appearance:none;outline:none}textarea{width:100%}@media (max-width:767px){input:not([type=submit]),textarea{font-size:16px!important}}.button,[type=submit]{width:auto;position:relative;background-color:var(--tie-buttons-color,var(--brand-color));color:var(--tie-buttons-text,var(--bright-color));border-radius:var(--tie-buttons-radius,2px);border:var(--tie-buttons-border-width,0) solid var(--tie-buttons-border-color,var(--brand-color));padding:10px 25px;margin:0;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;display:inline-block;text-align:center;line-height:21px;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:middle;appearance:none}.post-thumb{position:relative;height:100%;display:block;backface-visibility:hidden;transform:rotate(0)}.post-thumb img{width:100%;display:block}.post-meta{margin:10px 0 8px;font-size:12px;overflow:hidden}.post-meta,.post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#666}.post-meta .meta-item{margin-right:8px;display:inline-block}.post-meta .meta-item.tie-icon:before{padding-right:3px}.post-meta .meta-item.date:before{content:"\f017"}.post-meta .meta-item.meta-comment:before{content:"\f086"}.post-meta .tie-alignright .meta-item:last-child{margin:0!important}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .post-meta>span,.entry-header .post-meta>div,.main-content .post-meta>span,.main-content .post-meta>div{float:left}}.warm{color:#f47512}.post-cat-wrap{position:relative;z-index:3;margin-bottom:5px;font-weight:400;font-family:inherit!important;line-height:0;display:block}.post-cat{display:inline-block;background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);padding:0 11px;font-size:13px;line-height:2em;margin-right:4px;position:relative;white-space:nowrap;word-wrap:normal;letter-spacing:0;border-radius:4px}.post-cat:first-child:last-child{margin:0}#breadcrumb{margin:50px 0 0}#breadcrumb,#breadcrumb a:not(:hover){color:#666}#breadcrumb .delimiter{margin:0 3px;font-style:normal}.entry-header-outer #breadcrumb{margin:0 0 20px;padding:0}@media (max-width:767px){.single-post #breadcrumb .current,.single-post #breadcrumb em:last-of-type{display:none}}.social-icons-item{float:right;margin-left:6px;position:relative}.social-icons-item .social-link span{color:var(--base-color);line-height:unset}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link{width:24px;height:24px;line-height:24px;padding:0;display:block;text-align:center;border-radius:2px}.top-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:not(:hover) span{color:var(--base-color)}.social-icons-item .facebook-social-icon{background-color:#4080ff!important}.social-icons-item .facebook-social-icon span{color:#4080ff}.social-icons-item .twitter-social-icon{background-color:#000!important}.social-icons-item .twitter-social-icon span{color:#000}.social-icons-item .linkedin-social-icon{background-color:#238cc8!important}.social-icons-item .linkedin-social-icon span{color:#238cc8}.social-icons-item .instagram-social-icon{background-color:#c13584!important}.social-icons-item .instagram-social-icon span{color:#c13584}.social-icons-item .youtube-social-icon{background-color:#ef4e41!important}.social-icons-item .youtube-social-icon span{color:#ef4e41}ul:not(.solid-social-icons) .social-icons-item a:not(:hover){background-color:transparent!important}.solid-social-icons .social-link{background-color:var(--base-color)}.dark-skin .solid-social-icons .social-link{background-color:#27292d;border-color:#27292d}.solid-social-icons .social-link span{color:#fff!important}.entry-header{padding:30px 30px 0;margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:991px){.entry-header{padding:20px 20px 0}}@media (max-width:767px){.container-wrapper{padding:20px 15px}}.block-head-8 .the-global-title{position:relative;font-size:15px;margin-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px;min-height:0}.block-head-8 .the-global-title:before{content:"";background:var(--brand-color);height:1em;width:10px;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);left:0}.side-aside{position:fixed;top:0;z-index:111;visibility:hidden;width:350px;max-width:100%;height:100%;background:#fff;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center top;background-size:cover;overflow-y:auto}@media (min-width:992px){.side-aside{right:0;transform:translate(350px,0)}.side-aside:not(.slide-sidebar-desktop){display:none}}.dark-skin{--lazyload-loading-color:#161717}.dark-skin{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024);color:#fff}.dark-skin input:not([type=submit]){color:#ccc}.dark-skin a:not(:hover){color:#fff}.dark-skin input:not([type=submit]){border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.widget-title{position:relative}.widget-title .the-subtitle{font-size:15px;min-height:15px}.widget-title-icon{position:absolute;right:0;top:1px;color:#b9bec3;font-size:15px}.widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f08d"}.post-widget-body{padding-left:125px}.post-widget-body .post-title{font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:5px}.post-widget-thumbnail{float:left;margin-right:15px;position:relative}.post-widget-thumbnail img.tie-small-image{width:110px}.widget li{padding:6px 0}.widget li:first-child{padding-top:0}.widget li:last-child{padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}.widget li:after{clear:both;display:table;content:""}.widget .post-meta{margin:2px 0 0;font-size:11px;line-height:17px}form.search-form{overflow:auto;position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:10px}.search-field{float:left;width:73%;padding:8px 15px}.search-submit[type=submit]{float:right;padding:10px 5px;margin-left:2%;width:25%}.login-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f023"}.login-widget form input[type=text],.login-widget form input[type=password]{width:100%;float:none;margin-bottom:15px}.login-widget .pass-container{position:relative}.login-widget .pass-container input[type=password]{padding-right:70px}.login-widget .forget-text{position:absolute;right:15px;line-height:45px;top:0;font-size:12px}.login-widget .forget-text:not(:hover){color:#666}.login-widget .rememberme{display:block;margin-bottom:15px}li.widget-post-list{padding:7px 0;position:relative}.social-icons-widget ul{margin:0 -3px}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item{float:left;margin:3px;border-bottom:0;padding:0}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link{width:40px;height:40px;line-height:40px;font-size:18px}@media (max-width:479px){.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}}@media (min-width:992px){.theme-header .logo-row>div{height:auto!important}.header-layout-3 .stream-item-top-wrapper{float:right}}.breaking{float:left;width:100%;display:block!important}.breaking-title{padding:0 10px;display:block;float:left;color:#fff;font-size:12px;position:relative}.breaking-title span{position:relative;z-index:1}.breaking-title span.breaking-icon{display:none}@media (max-width:600px){.breaking-title span.breaking-icon{display:inline-block}.breaking-title .breaking-title-text{display:none}}.breaking-title:before{content:"";background:#f05555;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:0}.breaking-news{display:none}#mobile-container{display:none;padding:10px 30px 30px}#mobile-menu{margin-bottom:20px;position:relative;padding-top:15px}#mobile-social-icons{margin-bottom:15px}#mobile-social-icons ul{text-align:center;overflow:hidden}#mobile-social-icons ul .social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}#mobile-social-icons .social-icons-item{margin:0}#mobile-social-icons .social-icons-item .social-link{background:0 0;border:none}#mobile-search .search-form{overflow:hidden;position:relative}#mobile-search .search-form:after{position:absolute;content:"\f002";font-family:'tiefonticon';top:4px;right:10px;line-height:30px;width:30px;font-size:16px;border-radius:50%;text-align:center;color:#fff}#mobile-search .search-field{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1);color:#fff;width:100%;border-radius:50px;padding:7px 45px 7px 20px}#mobile-search .search-submit{background:0 0;font-size:0;width:35px;height:38px;position:absolute;top:0;right:5px;z-index:1}#mobile-search input::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input::-moz-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input:-moz-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#tie-wrapper:after{position:absolute;z-index:1000;top:-10%;left:-50%;width:0;height:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:'';opacity:0}@media (max-width:991px){.side-aside.appear-from-left{left:0;transform:translate(-100%,0)}.side-aside.is-fullwidth{width:100%}}.is-desktop .side-aside .has-custom-scroll{padding:50px 0 0}.side-aside:after{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:'';opacity:1}a.remove{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;display:block;speak:never;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;width:20px;height:20px;display:block;line-height:20px;text-align:center;font-size:15px}a.remove:before{content:"\e117";font-family:'tiefonticon';color:#e74c3c}a.remove.big-btn{width:25px;height:25px;line-height:25px;font-size:22px}a.remove.light-btn:not(:hover):before{color:#fff}.side-aside a.remove{z-index:1;top:15px;left:50%;right:auto;transform:translateX(-50%)}.side-aside a.remove:not(:hover):before{color:#111}.side-aside.dark-skin a.remove:not(:hover):before{color:#fff}.tie-popup a.remove{transform:scale(.2);opacity:0;top:15px;right:15px;z-index:1}.theiaStickySidebar:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.side-aside,.has-custom-scroll{overflow-x:hidden;scrollbar-width:thin}.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar,.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar{width:5px}.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-track,.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:20px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.dark-skin .has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#000}.tie-popup{position:fixed;z-index:99999;left:0;top:0;height:100%;width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);display:none;perspective:600px}.tie-popup-container{position:relative;z-index:100;width:90%;max-width:420px;margin:10em auto 0;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 0 20px rgba(0,0,0,.2);will-change:transform,opacity;transform:scale(.5);opacity:0}.tie-popup-container .login-submit{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px}.tie-popup-container .container-wrapper{padding:60px;background-color:#fff!important;border-radius:5px}@media (max-width:479px){.tie-popup-container .container-wrapper{padding:30px}}.pop-up-live-search{will-change:transform,opacity;transform:scale(.7);opacity:0}.tie-popup-search-wrap::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap::-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap:-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap form{position:relative;height:80px;margin-bottom:20px}.popup-search-wrap-inner{position:relative;padding:80px 15px 0;margin:0 auto;max-width:800px}input.tie-popup-search-input{width:100%;height:80px;line-height:80px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.7)!important;font-weight:500;font-size:22px;border:0;padding-right:80px;padding-left:30px;color:#fff;border-radius:5px}button.tie-popup-search-submit{font-size:28px;color:#666;position:absolute;right:5px;top:15px;background:0 0!important}#tie-popup-search-mobile .popup-search-wrap-inner{padding-top:50px}#tie-popup-search-mobile input.tie-popup-search-input{height:50px;line-height:1;padding-left:20px;padding-right:50px}#tie-popup-search-mobile button.tie-popup-search-submit{font-size:16px;top:9px;right:0}.tie-icon-line:before{content:"\e906"}.tie-icon-messenger:before{content:"\f39f"}.tie-icon-facebook:before{content:"\f09a"}.tie-icon-search:before{content:"\f002"}.tie-icon-author:before{content:"\f007"}.tie-icon-home:before{content:"\f015"}.tie-icon-tags:before{content:"\f02c"}.tie-icon-bookmark:before{content:"\f02e"}.tie-icon-print:before{content:"\f02f"}.tie-icon-random:before{content:"\f074"}.tie-icon-phone:before{content:"\f095"}.tie-icon-twitter:before{content:"\e90f"}.tie-icon-envelope:before{content:"\f0e0"}.tie-icon-linkedin:before{content:"\f0e1"}.tie-icon-bolt:before{content:"\f0e7"}.tie-icon-youtube:before{content:"\f16a"}.tie-icon-instagram:before{content:"\f16d"}.tie-icon-skype:before{content:"\f17e"}.tie-icon-reddit:before{content:"\f1a1"}.tie-icon-share:before{content:"\f1e0"}.tie-icon-whatsapp:before{content:"\f232"}.tie-icon-fire:before{content:"\e900"}.entry-header{font-size:45px;line-height:1.2}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header{font-size:28px}}.entry-header .entry-title{margin-bottom:15px}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .entry-title{font-size:28px}}.entry-header .post-cat{margin-bottom:6px}.entry-header .post-meta{overflow:inherit;font-size:12px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:0;line-height:24px}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-item{margin-right:12px}.entry-header .post-meta,.entry-header .post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#333}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-author{margin:0}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-author a{font-weight:600}.entry-header .post-meta .author-meta+.date:before{content:"22";color:#ccc;margin:0 3px 0 5px;display:inline-block}.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright{display:inline}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .post-meta{margin-bottom:-8px}.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright{float:none}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-item,.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright .meta-item:last-child{margin-bottom:8px!important}.entry-header .post-meta>span,.entry-header .post-meta>div{float:initial!important}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-author a{font-weight:400}.entry-header .meta-author-avatar img{width:20px;height:20px}}.meta-author-avatar img{width:30px;height:30px;margin-right:3px;margin-top:-5px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:50%}.fullwidth-entry-title{background-color:transparent;margin:30px 0 0;padding:30px 0;border:none;box-shadow:none!important}@media (max-width:991px){.fullwidth-entry-title{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px}}.post-layout-7 .fullwidth-entry-title{text-align:center;margin:30px 0;padding:0}@media (max-width:991px){.post-layout-7 .fullwidth-entry-title{margin:15px 0}}.post-layout-7 .entry-header{padding:0;margin-bottom:0}.post-layout-7 .featured-area{margin-top:-1px}@media (max-width:767px){.post-layout-7 .fullwidth-featured-area-wrapper{padding:0}}.fullwidth-entry-title .tie-alignright{float:none}.featured-area{position:relative;margin-bottom:30px;line-height:1}@media (max-width:767px){.featured-area{margin-bottom:20px}}.post-layout-7 .featured-area{margin-bottom:0}.featured-area img{width:100%}.single-featured-image{position:relative;margin:0;line-height:0}.entry a{color:var(--brand-color)}@media (max-width:767px){.fullwidth-entry-title{padding:20px 15px}}.post-bottom-meta-title{float:left;padding:0 6px;margin:5px 5px 0 0;background:#2c2f34;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:2px}.post-bottom-meta-title{color:#fff}.post-tags-modern .post-bottom-meta-title{display:none}.share-buttons{padding:18px 28px;line-height:0}@media (max-width:767px){.share-buttons{padding:15px}}@media (min-width:768px){.share-buttons-top{padding-bottom:0}}.share-links a{color:#fff}.share-links{overflow:hidden;position:relative}.share-links .share-btn-icon{font-size:15px}.share-links a{display:inline-block;margin:2px;height:40px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;border-radius:2px;width:40px}.share-links a,.share-links a:before{background-color:#444}.share-links a.large-share-button{width:auto}.share-links a .share-btn-icon{width:40px;height:40px;float:left;display:block;text-align:center;line-height:40px}.share-links a .social-text{border:0 solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);border-left-width:1px;padding-left:15px;height:20px;float:left;margin-top:10px;padding-right:25px;font-size:12px;line-height:20px;font-family:"open sans",sans-serif}.share-title{padding-right:15px;display:inline-block;float:left;line-height:40px;font-size:12px;margin:2px 0}.share-title .tie-icon-share{margin-right:5px;font-size:14px}.icons-text .share-title{line-height:30px}.icons-text .large-share-button{height:30px}.icons-text .large-share-button .social-text{padding-left:6px;padding-right:8px;height:20px;margin-top:5px;line-height:20px;font-size:10px}.icons-text .large-share-button .share-btn-icon{width:30px;height:30px;line-height:30px}.share-links a.facebook-share-btn,.share-links a.facebook-share-btn:before{background:#4080ff}.share-links a.twitter-share-btn,.share-links a.twitter-share-btn:before{background:#000}.share-links a.linkedin-share-btn,.share-links a.linkedin-share-btn:before{background:#238cc8}.share-links a.reddit-share-btn,.share-links a.reddit-share-btn:before{background:#ff4500}.share-links a.skype-share-btn,.share-links a.skype-share-btn:before{background:#00aff0}.share-links a.whatsapp-share-btn,.share-links a.whatsapp-share-btn:before{background:#43d854}.share-links a.line-share-btn,.share-links a.line-share-btn:before{background:#00c300}.share-links a.line-share-btn .tie-icon-line:before{margin:0 -1px}.share-links a.messenger-share-btn,.share-links a.messenger-share-btn:before{background:#0078ff}.share-links a.viber-share-btn,.share-links a.viber-share-btn:before{background:#773ead}.share-links a.email-share-btn,.share-links a.email-share-btn:before{background:#333}@media (max-width:767px){.social-text{display:none}}@media (max-width:479px){.share-title{display:none}}@media (min-width:768px){a.line-share-btn,a.whatsapp-share-btn,a.viber-share-btn{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:768px){a.messenger-mob-share-btn{display:none!important}}@media (max-width:767px){a.messenger-desktop-share-btn{display:none!important}}#related-posts .related-item{position:relative;float:left;width:33.333%;padding:0 15px;margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:767px){#related-posts .related-item{padding:0 8px}}#related-posts .related-item .post-thumb{margin-bottom:10px}#related-posts .related-item .post-title{font-size:14px;line-height:19px}#related-posts .related-item .post-meta{margin:4px 0 0}.has-sidebar .site-content #related-posts .related-item:nth-child(3n+1){clear:both}@media (max-width:767px){#related-posts .related-item{width:50%!important;clear:none!important}}#related-posts.has-extra-post .related-item:last-child{clear:none!important;display:none}@media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px){#related-posts.has-extra-post .related-item:last-child{display:block}}#cancel-comment-reply-link{float:right;line-height:18px}#reading-position-indicator{display:block;height:5px;position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;background:var(--brand-color);box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,136,255,.7);width:0;z-index:9999;max-width:100%}#check-also-box{position:fixed;background-color:#fff;z-index:999;bottom:15px;right:-1px;transform:translatex(100%);width:340px;padding:30px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}@media (max-width:991px){#check-also-box{display:none}}#post-extra-info{display:none}:root:root{--brand-color:#e84641;--dark-brand-color:#b6140f;--bright-color:#fff;--base-color:#2c2f34}#reading-position-indicator{box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(232,70,65,.7)}:root:root{--brand-color:#e84641;--dark-brand-color:#b6140f;--bright-color:#fff;--base-color:#2c2f34}#reading-position-indicator{box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(232,70,65,.7)}#top-nav{background-color:#25282b}#top-nav *{border-color:rgba(#fff,.08)}#top-nav a:not(:hover),#top-nav .components>li .social-link:not(:hover) span{color:#fff}#top-nav{--tie-buttons-color:#34495e;--tie-buttons-border-color:#34495e;--tie-buttons-text:#fff;--tie-buttons-hover-color:#162b40}#top-nav{color:#aaa}#main-nav{background-color:#e84641}#main-nav{border-width:0}#theme-header #main-nav:not(.fixed-nav){bottom:0}#theme-header:not(.main-nav-boxed) #main-nav{border-right:0 none!important;border-left:0 none!important;border-top:0 none!important}#theme-header:not(.main-nav-boxed) #main-nav{border-right:0 none!important;border-left:0 none!important;border-bottom:0 none!important}.main-nav{--main-nav-primary-color:#34495e;--tie-buttons-color:#34495e;--tie-buttons-border-color:#34495e;--tie-buttons-text:#fff;--tie-buttons-hover-color:#162b40}#main-nav,#main-nav input,#main-nav #search-submit{color:#e8e8e8}#main-nav input::-moz-placeholder{color:#e8e8e8}#main-nav input:-moz-placeholder{color:#e8e8e8}#main-nav input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#e8e8e8}#main-nav input::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#e8e8e8}.entry-header{display:block!important}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:normal!important;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px}:root{--swiper-theme-color:#007aff}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;position:relative;overflow:hidden;list-style:none;padding:0;z-index:1}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-wrapper{position:relative;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1;display:flex;box-sizing:content-box}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-wrapper{transform:translate3d(0px,0,0)}:root{--swiper-navigation-size:44px}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next{position:absolute;top:50%;width:calc(var(--swiper-navigation-size)/44*27);height:var(--swiper-navigation-size);margin-top:calc(0px - (var(--swiper-navigation-size)/2));z-index:10;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:var(--swiper-navigation-color,var(--swiper-theme-color))}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev:after,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next:after{font-family:swiper-icons;font-size:var(--swiper-navigation-size);text-transform:none!important;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;font-variant:initial;line-height:1}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev{left:10px;right:auto}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev:after{content:'prev'}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next{right:10px;left:auto}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next:after{content:'next'}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-pagination{position:absolute;text-align:center;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);z-index:10}:root{--jp-carousel-primary-color:#fff;--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color:#999;--jp-carousel-bg-color:#000;--jp-carousel-bg-faded-color:#222;--jp-carousel-border-color:#3a3a3a}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next{background-image:none}.jp-carousel-wrap *{line-height:inherit}.jp-carousel-wrap.swiper-container{height:auto;width:100vw}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next{opacity:.5;height:initial;width:initial;padding:20px 40px;background-image:none}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next:after,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev:after{content:none}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev svg,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next svg{height:30px;width:28px;background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:4px}.jp-carousel-overlay{font-family:'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;z-index:2147483647;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;direction:ltr;position:fixed;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color)}.jp-carousel-overlay *{box-sizing:border-box}.jp-carousel-overlay h2:before,.jp-carousel-overlay h3:before{content:none;display:none}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-prev{left:0;right:auto}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-next{right:0;left:auto}.jp-carousel-container{display:grid;grid-template-rows:1fr 64px;height:100%}.jp-carousel-info{display:flex;flex-direction:column;text-align:left!important;-webkit-font-smoothing:subpixel-antialiased!important;z-index:100;background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);opacity:1}.jp-carousel-info-footer{position:relative;background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);height:64px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;width:100vw}.jp-carousel-info-extra{display:none;background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);padding:35px;width:100vw;border-top:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-bg-faded-color)}.jp-carousel-title-and-caption{margin-bottom:15px}.jp-carousel-photo-info{left:0!important;width:100%!important}.jp-carousel-comments-wrapper{padding:0;width:100%!important;display:none}.jp-carousel-close-hint{letter-spacing:0!important;position:fixed;top:20px;right:30px;padding:10px;text-align:right;width:45px;height:45px;z-index:15;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color)}.jp-carousel-close-hint svg{padding:3px 2px;background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:4px}.jp-carousel-pagination-container{flex:1;margin:0 15px 0 35px}.jp-swiper-pagination,.jp-carousel-pagination{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);font-size:15px;font-weight:400;white-space:nowrap;display:none;position:static!important}.jp-carousel-pagination-container .swiper-pagination{text-align:left;line-height:8px}.jp-carousel-pagination{padding-left:5px}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-title-container{flex-basis:50vw;flex:4;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;margin:0}.jp-carousel-photo-title,.jp-carousel-photo-caption{background:0 0!important;border:none!important;display:inline-block;font:normal 20px/1.3em 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif;line-height:normal;letter-spacing:0!important;margin:0 0 10px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;text-shadow:none!important;text-transform:none!important;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color)}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-caption{text-align:center;font-size:15px;white-space:nowrap;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);margin:0;text-overflow:ellipsis}.jp-carousel-photo-title{font-size:32px;margin-bottom:2px}.jp-carousel-photo-description{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);font-size:16px;margin:25px 0;width:100%}.jp-carousel-photo-description{overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word}.jp-carousel-caption{font-size:14px;font-weight:400;margin:0}.jp-carousel-image-meta{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);font-size:13px;font:12px/1.4 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;width:100%;display:none}.jp-carousel-image-meta ul{margin:0!important;padding:0!important;list-style:none!important}a.jp-carousel-image-download{display:inline-block;clear:both;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);line-height:1;font-weight:400;font-size:14px;text-decoration:none}a.jp-carousel-image-download svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin:0 3px;padding-bottom:2px}.jp-carousel-comments{font:15px/1.7 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;font-weight:400;background:none transparent;width:100%;bottom:10px;margin-top:20px}#jp-carousel-comment-form{margin:0 0 10px!important;width:100%}textarea#jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-faded-color);border:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-border-color);color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);font:16px/1.4 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;width:100%;padding:10px 10px 5px;margin:0;float:none;height:147px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1);-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}textarea#jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#555}#jp-carousel-loading-overlay{display:none;position:fixed;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0}#jp-carousel-loading-wrapper{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;height:100vh;width:100vw}#jp-carousel-library-loading,#jp-carousel-library-loading:after{border-radius:50%;width:40px;height:40px}#jp-carousel-library-loading{float:left;margin:22px 0 0 10px;font-size:10px;position:relative;text-indent:-9999em;border-top:8px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-right:8px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-bottom:8px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-left:8px solid var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);-ms-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0);-webkit-animation:load8 1.1s infinite linear;animation:load8 1.1s infinite linear}#jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner,#jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner:after{border-radius:50%;width:20px;height:20px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner{display:none;float:left;margin:22px 0 0 10px;font-size:10px;position:absolute;text-indent:-9999em;border-top:4px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-right:4px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-bottom:4px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-left:4px solid var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);-ms-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0);-webkit-animation:load8 1.1s infinite linear;animation:load8 1.1s infinite linear;margin:0 auto;top:calc(50% - 15px);left:0;bottom:0;right:0}@-webkit-keyframes load8{0%{-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg)}100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}@keyframes load8{0%{-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg)}100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}.jp-carousel-info-content-wrapper{max-width:800px;margin:auto}#jp-carousel-comment-form-submit-and-info-wrapper{display:none;overflow:hidden;width:100%}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as input{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-border-color);color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);font:16px/1.4 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;padding:10px;float:left;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.2);box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.2);-moz-border-radius:2px;-webkit-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px;width:285px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as fieldset{float:left;border:none;margin:20px 0 0;padding:0;clear:both}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as label{font:400 13px/1.7 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;margin:0 20px 3px 0;float:left;width:100px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-button-submit{margin-top:20px;margin-left:auto;display:block;border:solid 1px var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:3px;padding:8px 16px;font-size:14px;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color)}#jp-carousel-comment-form-container{margin-bottom:15px;width:100%;margin-top:20px;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);position:relative;overflow:hidden}#jp-carousel-comment-post-results{display:none;overflow:auto;width:100%}#jp-carousel-comments-loading{font:400 15px/1.7 'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;display:none;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);text-align:left;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;bottom:10px;margin-top:20px}.jp-carousel-photo-icons-container{flex:1;display:block;text-align:right;margin:0 20px 0 30px;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-icon-btn{padding:16px;text-decoration:none;border:none;background:0 0;display:inline-block;height:64px}.jp-carousel-icon{border:none;display:inline-block;line-height:0;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;border-radius:4px;width:31px;padding:4px 3px 3px}.jp-carousel-icon svg{display:inline-block}.jp-carousel-overlay rect{fill:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color)}.jp-carousel-icon .jp-carousel-has-comments-indicator{display:none;font-size:12px;vertical-align:top;margin-left:-16px;line-height:1;padding:2px 4px;border-radius:4px;background:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);font-weight:400;font-family:'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif!important;position:relative}@media only screen and (max-width:760px){.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-next,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-prev{display:none!important}.jp-carousel-image-meta{float:none!important;width:100%!important;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0}.jp-carousel-close-hint{font-size:26px!important;position:fixed!important;top:10px;right:10px}.jp-carousel-wrap{background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color)}.jp-carousel-caption{overflow:visible!important}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-title-container{display:none}.jp-carousel-photo-icons-container{margin:0 10px 0 0;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-icon-btn{padding-left:20px}.jp-carousel-pagination{padding-left:5px}.jp-carousel-pagination-container{margin-left:25px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as fieldset,#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as input{width:100%;float:none}}
Insight: Gen Z Filipinos need greater access to finance to help Philippines grow - adobo Magazine Online
Spikes Asia 2025
MANILA, PHILIPPINES — Research by TransUnion Philippines from February 2022 shows that although 94% of Gen Z Filipinos believe that access to credit and lending products is important to achieve financial goals, only 35% of them report having sufficient access.
Born between 1995 and 2004 for survey purposes, Generation Z is becoming an increasingly important driver of economic growth. They comprise one-quarter of the world’s population–that’s about 2 billion–and an even greater percentage (40%) of the Philippines’ population at 40 million, according to a study . They are dynamic digital natives with a voracious appetite for information and staying connected and updated. Not surprisingly, close to 99% of Gen Zs have access to a smartphone connected to the internet and statistics say around 73% of them spend much of their time online.
With Gen Z in ascendancy, it’s important to ask what makes them tick? What keeps them busy online? Where do they choose to spend their money? How has the global pandemic changed their money management habits and do they have sufficient access to credit to achieve great things?
Providing insight into Gen Z Filipinos and other generations, the TransUnion Consumer Pulse Study is conducted quarterly and measures the attitudes and behaviors of consumers in the Philippines and in other international markets. Its results help organizations plan products and services that can better serve consumers’ financial needs and better understand their motivators and how they conduct their personal finances.
According to TransUnion’s research, exactly half of Gen Z consumers plan to apply for new or refinance existing credit in the next year, in particular, by applying for a new personal loan (47%), a new mortgage, home loan or bond payment (37%), or a new credit card (35%). This reflects an opportunity that credit providers can address. Access to credit is an important step in everyone’s financial journey. In the long- term, effective access to credit helps build loyalty, improve financial inclusion in the country and can act as a catalyst for economic growth.
Consumer awareness and interaction with credit is increasing
Sponsor
In the Philippines, consumer attitudes to credit are changing. The same TransUnion study found that 88.6% of Filipinos believe in the importance of credit monitoring, and 48% agree that their credit scores would improve if financial institutions accounted for non-standard information such as rental payments and buy now, pay later loans as part of the assessment of their credit score.
The study also found that Gen Zs in the Philippines said they spent their money from Nov. 2021 to Feb. 2022 on adding or expanding digital services (35%) and adding to their subscriptions/memberships (24%). In addition, 30% stated they increased their discretionary spending (dining out, travel, entertainment), while 28% cut back on it. These shifts are, in part, due to the ongoing global Covid-19 pandemic but are also a reflection of the needs of this increasingly financially active generation.
In terms of financial management, also a carryover of the pandemic, Gen Zs have prioritized paying off debts and building up their savings. This is evident in the 56% who said they decided to save more in their emergency fund, 30% who stated they paid down debt faster and 28% who claimed they saved more for retirement from November 2021 to February 2022. Forty-seven percent of Gen Zs said they will use their money from savings to pay their current bills and loans and 33% plan to borrow money from friends or family for that purpose. Despite about half of Gen Z expecting to be unable to pay some of their debts, they are trying to come up with ways to do so eventually; 36% of them plan to at least pay partial amounts on their existing accounts, 13% plan to request for a payment holiday or other accommodation from lenders and 10% will refinance or renegotiate payments/rates.
“The disaggregated data from our quarterly Consumer Pulse Survey allows us to gain valuable insight on the trends in saving, spending, and overall consumer habits of Filipino Gen Zs. The information we gather can help different organizations and institutions better tailor-fit products and services for this very mobile and tech-savvy generation,” said Pia Arellano, CEO and president of TransUnion Philippines .
Back to top button